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INDIVIDU DAN ALAM SEMESTA

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INDIVIDU DAN ALAM SEMESTA

 

Filsafat Hukum (philosophy of law)  mencerminkan kontroversi fundamental dalam filsafat yang menyangkut nilai apakah alam semesta merupakan kreasi intelektual dari individu, atau apakah individu merupakan suatu unsur  dari alam semesta. Teori – teori hukum alam semesta sebagai suatu tertib  hukum (orderly law)  yang berada diatas manusia sebagai individu. Hal itu terutama diajarkan oleh ahli – ahli filsafat Yunani Kuno, ajaran – ajaran skolastik maupun teori – teori hukum alam rasional. Aristoteles menyoroti manusia dalam peranannya sebagai berikut:

  1. Bagian dari alam semesta, dan
  2. Sebagai makhluk yang berpikir yang berbeda dari alam semesta; akan tetapi, manusia merupakan bagian dari tertib alam semesta.

Peranan yang menonjol dari individu untuk pertama kali dikemukakan dalam filsafat modern oleh Descartes yang terkenal dengan adigiumnya, “Cogito, ergo sum”. Ajaran Descartes, kemudian dikembangkan oleh Kant yang menempatkan individu dalam peranannya sebagai pencipta dari dunia kenyataan yang dapat dipahami.  Ajaran tersebut kemudiaan dilanjutkan oleh Fichte yang berpendapat, bahwa dunia merupakan hasil ciptaan dari kesadaran individu. Proyeksi Hegel untuk menonjolkan peranan individu dalam alam semesta, kemudian dipertajam oleh filsafat aliran Fascisme.

 

Created  and Posted By:
Appe Hamonangan Hutauruk, SH., MH.
Lecturer, Advocate and Legal Consultant
Handphone: 0818964919, 085959597919, 081213502002

 

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About Author: Appe Hamonangan Hutauruk

Appe Hamonangan Hutauruk selaku Penulis tunggal pada Website: "Law Firm Appe Hamonangan Hutauruk & Associates" adalah seorang "Pegiat Penegakkan Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia" serta "Pemerhati Sosial Kemasyarakatan" yang berprofesi sebagai Advokat (Advocate), Konsultan Hukum (Legal Consultant) dan Dosen (lecturer) pada salah satu Universitas swasta di Jakarta, selain itu juga menduduki jabatan sebagai Ketua Umum pada Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM) bernama "Komunitas Masyarakat Anti Korupsi dan Penggelapan Pajak (KOMAKOPEPA). youtube.com/c/BeritaHukumKebijakanPublik
http://appehamonanganhutauruk.com/

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